Specific objectives were to describe the clinical characteristics of a consecutive sample of people who frequently self-harm examine the relationship between CSA and selected sociodemographic and clinical variables examine the association between CSA and frequent self-harm repetition, suicidal intent and mental health conditions and examine the experiences of CSA among people who frequently self-harm. We examined CSA among people who frequently self-harm, using a mixed-methods approach to obtain a more comprehensive view of the experiences of CSA and clinical outcomes. This research addressed whether people who frequently self-harm with previous CSA history have increased self-harm repetition, suicidal intent and/or mental health conditions. There are ongoing knowledge gaps in relation to CSA among people who frequently self-harm. 15 The level of suicidal intent among people who frequently self-harm and its association with CSA warrant further exploration. 11 However, evidence indicates that CSA is associated with experiencing higher levels of suicidality. Research addressing suicidal intent among individuals who repeatedly self-harm is limited. Specifically, few studies have addressed CSA among people who frequently self-harm. 4, 13 Not everyone who engages in repeat self-harm will have such a clinical diagnosis therefore, it is important to examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of people who frequently self-harm. 12 Several theories support that self-harm among this clinical group is distinct, with varying functions of self-harm. 10, 11 This may be because of the overlap between people who frequently self-harm and people with emotionally unstable personality disorder or borderline personality disorder. 9įew studies have examined patients who frequently self-harm. Other studies have established the association between CSA and self-harm within specific groups, such as adolescents, 6 women, 7 men 8 and people who are imprisoned. 1, 3 Previous studies have assessed the evidence between CSA and self-harm, with findings ranging from small ( d = 0.23) 4 to medium (odds ratio 2.43−2.65) 2, 5 effect sizes for the association between CSA and self-harm. 2 Different aspects related to CSA, such as identity and relation to the perpetrator, and type and frequency of abuse, can further accentuate self-harm. 1 Although other factors can contribute to self-harm, evidence indicates that childhood maltreatment, including CSA, is directly associated with self-harm. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a risk factor for several psychiatric conditions and behaviours, including self-harm.
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